![]() When passages are highlighted by a lot of other Kindle users the text will be underlined and a note will tell you how many people have thought this passage was worth marking. The blurring of private and public annotations, something From the Margins to the Center predicted will happen, can now be seen in ebooks. It is a tool currently used by billions of people a day all over the internet, but these are not our current concern - from here on out we’re going to focus on annotating books. When considering this fact, it’s easy to see that the predictions for people sharing annotations were far surpassed. In this way, all comments on the internet are annotations. The word annotate literally means to add a note. (Etymologies taken from Merriam-Webster’s Colligate Dictionary 11 th Edition) NOTE: Latin nota (notare) note, mark, character, brand By signing up you agree to our terms of useĪNNOTATE: Latin annotatus, past participle of annotare, from ad- + notare to mark Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox. There are many different kinds of annotations besides what will be talked about here, such as linguistic and computational annotations. Sharing annotations is a practice From the Margins to the Center discusses at length, diving even into computer programs allow sharing annotations, but I think the scope to which we use this function was vastly underestimated as it has become a vital part of communication in every corner of the internet. ![]() (Though, it should be noted studies have shown that the readers disposition to the perceived annotator is integrally important to how the reader responds to the annotations and the text itself.) It can also be more helpful for some learners to process fellow student’s annotations visually at their own pace. In the current climate (there’s a pandemic in case you haven’t heard) annotation sharing can be useful as Zoom meetings limit the way in which conversations occur around a text. When students seminar in a college classroom, the result is quite similar to the kind of annotation sharing From the Margins to the Center pointed toward 20 years ago, though probably won’t be as detailed as sharing the annotations themselves. This individual reaction to the text we record while annotating is precisely why sharing annotations can be so helpful and important. Words are not merely their definitions they are also the implications readers assume and the pictures they form. Annotation can be viewed as a visual representation of the writer and reader coming together these supplementary notes create a more fully formed picture of what written words actually look like. The essay posits that a literary work is not solely the text, nor is it solely the realization of the words in the readers mind, but it exists in a shared liminal space between the two. Iser starts with the concept of what a literary work is. Long after this practice had diminished, The Reading Process: A Phenomenological Approach, an essay by William Iser, was published in 1972. ![]() What are annotations, and how do we use them? Scribes would make annotations of annotations giving future readers more and more to consider over time. These metatexts were often crucial to how the main work was understood. Jackson points out in Marginalia: Readers Writing in Books that a common social practice in the Victorian era was to trade books to read the annotations of others.) Before the printing press, scribes would copy over annotations from older manuscripts when rewriting a text, possibly also adding their own this made supplementary text a shared source of knowledge passed down and circulated among many readers. It summarized the most significant studies surrounding annotation published in the 1900s and gave a brief look into the purposes annotations have historically served especially before the printing press, which is when the paper claims annotations became a private aspect of reading. This paper set out to take a look at what annotation might become in the new millennium. This paper was and is widely referenced, even the Wikipedia page on text annotation drawing more heavily from it than any other source. Twenty years ago, in 2001, a paper called From the Margins to the Center: The Future of Annotations was published. They also hold a BA from Evergreen State. They have worked with publications such as A Public Space and 805 lit + art. Craig is a writer and editor originally from Seattle, WA. ![]()
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